Fundamentals of Weed Science, Third Edition

Cover
Copyright page
Contents
PREFACE
CHAPTER 1: Introduction
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 2: Weeds„The Beginning
	I. DEFINITION OF THE WORD WEED
	II. CHARACTERISTICS OF WEEDS
	III. HARMFUL ASPECTS OF WEEDS
	IV. COST OF WEEDS
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 3: Weed Classification
	I. PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS
	II. A NOTE ABOUT NAMES
	III. CLASSIFICATION METHODS
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 4: Ethnobotany
	I. FOOD FOR HUMANS
	II. FEED FOR ANIMALS
	III. MEDICAL USES
	IV. AGRICULTURAL USES
	V. ORNAMENTAL USES
	VI. INSECT OR DISEASE TRAPS
	VII. POLLUTION CONTROL
	VIII. OTHER USES
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 5: Weed Reproduction and Dispersal
	I. SEED PRODUCTION
	II. SEED DISPERSAL
	III. SEED GERMINATION„DORMANCY
	IV. VEGETATIVE OR ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 6: Weed Ecology
	I. HUMAN INFLUENCES ON WEED ECOLOGY
	II. THE WEED-CROP ECOSYSTEM
	III. ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTIONS
	IV. FUNDAMENTAL ECOLOGICAL CONCEPTS
	V. PLANT COMPETITION
	VI. PLANT CHARACTERISTICS AND COMPETITIVENESS
	VII. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WEED DENSITY AND CROP YIELD
	VIII. MAGNITUDE OF COMPETITIVE LOSS
	IX. DURATION OF COMPETITION
	X. ECONOMIC ANALYSES
	XI. MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF COMPETITION
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 7: Invasive Plants
	I. THE DEFINITION OF INVASIVE SPECIES
	II. THE IDENTITY OF INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES
	III. WHY DO INVASIONS OCCUR?
	IV. THE CONSEQUENCES OF PLANT INVASIONS
	V. MANAGEMENT OF INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 8: Allelopathy
	I. ALLELOPATHIC CHEMISTRY
	II. PRODUCTION OF ALLELOCHEMICALS
	III. ALLELOPATHY AND WEED-CROP ECOLOGY
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 9: The Significance of Plant Competition
	I. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
	II. CHARACTERISTICS OF WEEDS
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 10: Methods of Weed Management and Control
	I. THE DEFINITIONS OF WEED PREVENTION, CONTROL, ERADICATION, AND MANAGEMENT
	II. WEED PREVENTION
	III. MECHANICAL CONTROL
	IV. NONMECHANICAL METHODS
	V. CULTURAL WEED CONTROL
	VI. HERBICIDE-RESISTANT CROPS
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 11: Biological Weed Control
	I. GENERAL
	II. METHODS OF APPLICATION
	III. BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS
	IV. INTEGRATION OF TECHNIQUES
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 12: Introduction to Chemical Weed Control
	I. HISTORY OF CHEMICAL WEED CONTROL
	II. ADVANTAGES OF HERBICIDES
	III. DISADVANTAGES OF HERBICIDES
	IV. CLASSIFICATION OF HERBICIDES
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 13: Properties and Uses of Herbicides
	I. INTRODUCTION
	II. LIGHT-DEPENDENT HERBICIDES
	III. FATTY ACID BIOSYNTHESIS INHIBITORS
	IV. CELL GROWTH INHIBITION
	V. AUXIN-LIKE ACTION„GROWTH REGULATORS
	VI. AMINO ACID BIOSYNTHESIS INHIBITORS
	VII. INHIBITORS OF RESPIRATION
	VIII. UNKNOWN MECHANISM OF ACTION
	IX. SUMMARY
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 14: Herbicides and Plants
	I. FACTORS AFFECTING HERBICIDE PERFORMANCE
	II. GENERAL
	III. FOLIAR ACTIVE HERBICIDES
	IV. PHYSIOLOGY OF HERBICIDES IN PLANTS
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 15: Herbicides and Soil
	I. SOIL
	II. FACTORS AFFECTING SOIL-APPLIED HERBICIDES
	III. SOIL PERSISTENCE OF HERBICIDES
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 16: Herbicide Formulation
	I. INTRODUCTION
	II. TYPES OF HERBICIDE FORMULATIONS
	III. SURFACTANTS AND ADJUVANTS
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 17: Herbicides and the Environment
	I. HERBICIDE PERFORMANCE
	II. ECOLOGICAL CHANGES
	III. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION
	IV. ENERGY RELATIONSHIPS
	V. HERBICIDE SAFETY
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
	SUPPLEMENTARY LITERATURE
CHAPTER 18: Pesticide Legislation and Registration
	I. THE PRINCIPLES OF PESTICIDE REGISTRATION
	II. FEDERAL LAWS
	III. FEDERAL INSECTICIDE, FUNGICIDE, AND RODENTICIDE ACT
	IV. THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA)
	V. FEDERAL ENVIRONMENTAL PESTICIDE CONTROL ACT
	VI. PROCEDURAL SUMMARY
	VII. TOLERANCE CLASSES
	VIII. THE PROCEDURES FOR PESTICIDE REGISTRATION
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 19: Weed Management Systems
	I. INTRODUCTION
	II. A METAPHOR FOR WEED MANAGEMENT
	III. THE LOGICAL STEPS OF WEED MANAGEMENT
	IV. WEED MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES IN SIX SYSTEMS
	V. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY IN WEED MANAGEMENT
	VI. WEED MANAGEMENT DECISION AIDS
	VII. SUMMARY
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
CHAPTER 20: Weed Science„The Future
	I. RESEARCH NEEDS
	II. POLITICAL CONSIDERATIONS
	III. CONCLUSION
	THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
	LITERATURE CITED
APPENDIX A: List of Crop and Other Plants Cited in Text
APPENDIX B: List of Weeds Cited in Text
GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN WEED SCIENCE
INDEX